My first artwork was sculpture. Beginning with traditional media and working after the figure, including a number of commissioned portrait busts, I soon began working more abstractly, though still referencing the human figure.

In the early 1978, I began working with real-time 3D computer hardware and software to make real-time interactive sculptural compositions.

In the mid 1980's and again in 1991-1992, I did several series of work for the artist, Frank Stella, digitally composing sculptures that were then fabricated by him and incorporated into several series of his sculptures. The construction drawings for these digital "smoke" sculptures were used by Stella later for several series of his paintings and prints.

In the 1980's and 1990's, I wrote several published articles on digital processes for sculpture, including one introducing the idea of virtual sculpture (1985) and one on the importance of bugs in software (1993).

Beginning in the early 1990's my sculptural work consisted of numerous series of maquettes for large-scale, monumental sculptures.

The most recent sculpture involves photographic imagery printed onto sculptural surfaces. These pieces are also interactive, incorporating real-time projected imagery and/or audio into the sculptures. They are fabricated as large-scale, public-space indoor artworks.

1979 - 1982:
Interactive Virtual Sculpture